As healthcare providers, it is our responsibility to ensure the well-being of our pediatric patients. One important aspect of healthcare for children is performing a thorough review of systems during every visit. A review of systems (ROS) is a comprehensive assessment of a patient’s body systems to identify any current or potential health issues. In this article, we will provide a comprehensive guide to pediatric ROS to help healthcare providers ensure the best care for their pediatric patients.
General ROS
The general ROS includes questions about the child’s overall health, such as appetite, energy level, sleep, and weight changes. Healthcare providers should also ask about any fever, chills, or night sweats. Any significant changes in general health may indicate the presence of an underlying condition and should be investigated further.
Skin
The skin is the largest organ of the human body, and any changes in its appearance or texture can be a sign of underlying health problems. Healthcare providers should assess for any rashes, bruises, or lesions. They should also ask about any itching, burning, or pain. Identifying these symptoms can help healthcare providers diagnose and treat any underlying conditions.
Head, Eyes, Ears, Nose, and Throat (HEENT)
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HEENT ROS includes questions about headaches, vision, hearing, nasal discharge, and sore throat. Healthcare providers should ask about any visual changes, such as blurriness or double vision, as well as any hearing loss or ringing in the ears. Any sore throat or nasal discharge can indicate a potential infection that requires further investigation.
Cardiovascular
Cardiovascular ROS includes questions about chest pain, shortness of breath, palpitations, and swelling in the legs or feet. Healthcare providers should ask about any past history of heart disease, heart murmurs, or high blood pressure. Identifying any cardiovascular issues is crucial for providing appropriate care to pediatric patients.
Respiratory
Respiratory ROS includes questions about cough, shortness of breath, wheezing, and any exposure to secondhand smoke. Healthcare providers should ask about any past history of asthma or other respiratory conditions. Identifying any respiratory issues can help healthcare providers provide appropriate treatment and manage the patient’s care effectively.
Gastrointestinal
Gastrointestinal ROS includes questions about nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, and abdominal pain. Healthcare providers should also ask about any history of heartburn or reflux. Identifying any gastrointestinal issues is important for diagnosing and treating underlying conditions that may affect a child’s overall health.
Musculoskeletal
Musculoskeletal ROS includes questions about joint pain, stiffness, and any history of trauma. Healthcare providers should also ask about any muscle pain, weakness, or cramping. Identifying any musculoskeletal issues is essential for diagnosing and treating underlying conditions that may affect a child’s physical development.
Genitourinary
Genitourinary ROS includes questions about any pain, discomfort, or discharge in the genital area. Healthcare providers should also ask about any history of urinary tract infections or kidney problems. Identifying any genitourinary issues is critical for providing appropriate treatment and managing the patient’s care effectively.
Neurological
Neurological ROS includes questions about headaches, seizures, dizziness, and any changes in mood or behavior. Healthcare providers should also ask about any developmental delays, such as delayed speech or motor skills. Identifying any neurological issues is crucial for diagnosing and treating underlying conditions that may affect a child’s cognitive and physical development.
Psychiatric
Psychiatric ROS includes questions about any behavioral or emotional changes, such as depression, anxiety, or aggression. Healthcare providers should also ask about any history of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or other mental health conditions. Identifying any psychiatric issues is essential for providing appropriate treatment
